🏛️ Politics

Understand the language of power, public decisions, and global debate. This collection helps you follow political stories with more clarity and confidence.

۱۰۰ واژه

واژه‌های این مجموعه

Debate

B2

A formal discussion on a particular topic, where opposing arguments are presented.

Candidate

B1

A person who applies for a job or is nominated for a position.

Ballot

C1

A method of voting, typically by submitting a paper or electronic form.

Clause

B1

a group of words that includes a subject and a verb, and forms a sentence or part of a sentence

Liberal

C1

willing to understand and respect other people’s behaviour, opinions, etc., especially when they are different from your own; believing people should be able to choose how they behave

Primary

B1

connected with the education of children between the ages of about five and eleven

Regime

C1

a method or system of government, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way

Bill

A1

a document that shows how much you owe somebody for goods or services

Campaign

B1

a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim

Committee

B2

a group of people who are chosen, usually by a larger group, to make decisions or to deal with a particular subject

Congress

B1

a large formal meeting or series of meetings where representatives from different groups discuss ideas, make decisions, etc.

Conservative

B2

opposed to great or sudden social change; showing that you prefer traditional styles and values

Election

B1

the process of choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political position, by voting

Hearing

B2

the ability to hear

Inquiry

B2

an official process to find out the cause of something or to find out information about something

Minister

B2

a senior member of the government who is in charge of a government department or a branch of one

Opposition

B2

the act of strongly disagreeing with somebody/something, especially with the aim of preventing something from happening

Parliament

B2

the group of people who are elected to make and change the laws of a country

Party

A1

a social occasion, often in a person’s home, at which people eat, drink, talk, dance and enjoy themselves

President

A2

the leader of a republic, for example the US

Seat

A2

a place where you can sit, for example a chair

Senator

C1

a member of a senate

Vote

B1

a formal choice that you make in an election or at a meeting in order to choose somebody or decide something

Ambassador

C1

an official who lives in a foreign country as the senior representative there of their own country

Amendment

C1

a small change or improvement that is made to a document or proposed new law; the process of changing a document or proposed new law

Autonomy

C1

the freedom for a country, a region or an organization to govern itself independently

Cabinet

C1

a group of senior members of a government that is responsible for advising and deciding on government policy

Coalition

C1

a government formed by two or more political parties working together

Constituency

C1

a district that elects its own representative to parliament

Constitution

C1

the system of laws and basic principles that a state, a country or an organization is governed by

Corruption

C1

dishonest or illegal behaviour, especially of people in authority

Coup

C1

a sudden change of government that is illegal and often violent

Donor

C1

a person or an organization that makes a gift of money, clothes, food, etc. to a charity, etc.

Fundraising

C1

the activity of collecting money for a charity or organization, often by organizing social events or entertainments

Lawmaker

B1

a politician who helps make the laws of a country

Legislature

C1

a group of people who have the power to make and change laws

Nomination

C1

the act of suggesting or choosing somebody as a candidate in an election, or for a job or an award; the fact of being suggested for this

Poll

C1

the process of questioning people who are representative of a larger group in order to get information about the general opinion

Progressive

B2

in favour of new ideas, modern methods and change

Recount

C1

To tell someone about something that happened, especially in detail.

Referendum

C1

an occasion when all the people of a country can vote on an important issue

Scandal

B2

behaviour or an event that people think is morally or legally wrong and causes public feelings of shock or anger

Socialist

C1

connected with socialism

Sovereignty

C1

complete power to govern a country

Treaty

C1

a formal agreement between two or more countries

Turnout

C1

the number of people who attend a particular event

Whip

C1

to hit a person or an animal hard with a whip, as a punishment or to make them go faster or work harder

Manifesto

A written statement declaring the views and intentions of a group or individual.

Marginal seat

A parliamentary constituency where the winning candidate has a small number of votes over competitors.

Swing state

A U.S. state where no single political party holds a majority.

By-election

A special election to fill a vacancy in a legislative body.

Electorate

A body of voters who are entitled to vote in elections.

Voter

A person who has the right to vote in an election.

Voter registration

The process of enrolling citizens to participate in elections.

Postal vote

A method of voting where ballots are sent and received by mail.

Polling station

A designated place where citizens go to cast their votes in elections.

Exit poll

A survey conducted outside polling places to predict election outcomes.

Runoff

Water that flows over land to rivers or lakes, often after rain.

Incumbent

A person who currently holds a particular office or position.

Inauguration

A formal ceremony to mark the beginning of a new position or term, especially for a president.