Approximate vs Close vs Estimate vs Near vs Rough

Quand utiliser chacun en anglais, avec le sens, le registre et des exemples.

Approximate

Top 1000 (très courant) B1 adjective

Close

Top 1000 (très courant) A1 verb

Estimate

Top 2000 (courant) B2 verb

Near

Top 1000 (très courant) A1 preposition

Rough

Top 2000 (courant) B1 adjective

	Approximate	Close	Estimate	Near	Rough
Prononciation	🇬🇧 /["/əˈprɒksɪmət/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/əˈprɑːksɪmət/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/kləʊz/","/ˈkləʊzɪz/","/kləʊzd/","/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/kləʊz/","/ˈkləʊzɪz/","/kləʊzd/","/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/"]/	🇬🇧 //ˈɛstɪmeɪt// 🇺🇸 //ˈɛstəˌmeɪt//	🇬🇧 /["/nɪə(r)/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/nɪr/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/rʌf/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/rʌf/"]/
Sens	Pour deviner ou estimer quelque chose de proche. To guess or estimate something closely.	Fermer quelque chose, comme une porte ou une fenêtre. To shut something, like a door or a window.	Faire une estimation éclairée sur un nombre ou une quantité. To make an educated guess about a number or amount.	proche de quelque chose close to something	Pas lisse ; qui a beaucoup de bosses ou de zones inégales. Not smooth; having a lot of bumps or uneven areas.
Exemple	an **approximate number/total/cost**	Please close the door before you leave.	Can you estimate the cost of the project?	The school is near my house.	The surface of the table is quite rough, making it difficult to write on.
Registre	Neutre	Neutre	Neutre	Neutre	Neutre
Fréquence	Top 1000 (très courant)	Top 1000 (très courant)	Top 2000 (courant)	Top 1000 (très courant)	Top 2000 (courant)
Niveau CEFR	B1	A1	B2	A1	B1
Nature grammaticale	adjective	verb	verb	preposition	adjective
Collocations	approximate value, approximate number, approximate location	firmly, tightly, gently, firmly, tightly, gently, permanently, temporarily, officially, to, permanently, temporarily, officially, to	estimate the cost, estimate the time, estimate the value	near future, nearby location, near misses	rough surface, rough estimate, rough terrain, rough times, rough texture
Antonymes	exact, precise	open, start	calculate, measure	far, distant, remote	smooth, soft, gentle
Erreurs fréquentes	Confusing with 'approximation' - 'approximate' is a verb., Using it as a noun - 'approximate' should be used as a verb or adjective., Not pairing with an appropriate object - remember to specify what you are approximating.	Confusing 'close' with 'shut' – know when to use which., Using 'close' when referring to people (e.g., 'close the friend') instead of 'end' or 'finish'.	Confused with 'assess' which means to evaluate rather than guess., Using with the wrong preposition like 'to estimate in' instead of 'to estimate at'.	Confused with 'close' as both can mean similar things., Using 'nears' as a verb form instead of 'is near'., Omitting the object when saying 'near' without context.	Confused with 'ruff', which is a dog sound., Using 'rough' instead of 'tough' when talking about difficulty., 'Roughness' is sometimes incorrectly used for subjects, instead of describing physical texture.
Notes d'usage	Utilisez 'approximatif' lorsque vous voulez suggérer une estimation plutôt qu'un nombre exact. Il convient aux contextes académiques et quotidiens. Évitez de l'utiliser dans des conversations très informelles. Use 'approximate' when you want to suggest an estimate rather than an exact number. It's suitable for academic and everyday contexts. Avoid using it in very casual conversations.	Utilise 'fermer' quand tu parles de fermer des objets physiques comme des portes ou des livres. Ça peut aussi vouloir dire terminer quelque chose, comme une réunion. Évite de l'utiliser avec des personnes dans la plupart des contextes, sauf dans des conversations très informelles. Use 'close' when talking about shutting physical objects like doors or books. It can also mean to finish something, such as a meeting. Avoid using it with people in most contexts, except in very informal conversations.	Utilisez 'estimer' dans des contextes formels et informels lorsque vous parlez de prédictions ou de calculs. À éviter dans les conversations décontractées, sauf si vous parlez de chiffres. Use 'estimate' in formal and informal contexts when discussing predictions or calculations. Avoid in casual conversations unless talking about numbers.	Utilisé pour parler de proximité physique ou figurative. Généralement acceptable dans les contextes parlés et écrits. À éviter dans les situations trop formelles. Used when referring to physical or figurative closeness. Generally acceptable in both spoken and written contexts. Avoid using in overly formal settings.	Utilise 'rugueux' pour décrire des surfaces, des textures ou des conditions qui ne sont ni lisses ni douces. Cela peut aussi faire référence à quelqu'un qui est dur ou peu amical dans son comportement. C'est généralement neutre, mais peut sembler informel dans certains contextes. Évite d'utiliser 'rugueux' dans une écriture très formelle. Use 'rough' to describe surfaces, textures, or conditions that are not smooth or gentle. It can also refer to someone being harsh or unfriendly in behavior. It is generally neutral but may sound informal in some contexts. Avoid using 'rough' in very formal writing.

Vois-le dans de vrais extraits

Dr. Brand and Edmunds. They close?

This isn't like the army! You have to get close and get their brains on your suit.

The Lord Of The Rings › The return of the king

Very close now.

Dr. Brand and Edmunds. They close?

This isn't like the army! You have to get close and get their brains on your suit.

Close

The Lord Of The Rings › The return of the king

It must be getting near teatime.

Near

Questions fréquentes : Approximate vs Close vs Estimate vs Near vs Rough

Quelle est la différence entre Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near et Rough ?

Approximate: To guess or estimate something closely. Close: To shut something, like a door or a window. Estimate: To make an educated guess about a number or amount. Near: close to something Rough: Not smooth; having a lot of bumps or uneven areas.

Lequel est le plus avancé : Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near et Rough ?

Estimate est le niveau le plus élevé, à B2, sur l'échelle CEFR.

Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near et Rough sont-ils au même niveau CEFR ?

Approximate: B1, Close: A1, Estimate: B2, Near: A1, Rough: B1 sur l'échelle CEFR.

Quelle est la nature grammaticale de Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near et Rough ?

Approximate: adjective, Close: verb, Estimate: verb, Near: preposition, Rough: adjective.

Peux-tu montrer un exemple de chacun ?

Approximate: an **approximate number/total/cost** Close: Please close the door before you leave. Estimate: Can you estimate the cost of the project? Near: The school is near my house. Rough: The surface of the table is quite rough, making it difficult to write on.

Puis-je utiliser Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near et Rough de façon interchangeable ?

Pas toujours. Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near et Rough sont proches et se recoupent parfois, mais elles diffèrent par le registre, la fréquence et l'usage, donc remplacer l'une par l'autre peut changer le sens ou le ton. Regarde les différences ci-dessus avant de substituer.