Approximate vs Close vs Estimate vs Near vs Rough

Quando usare ciascuno in inglese, con significato, registro ed esempi.

Approximate

Top 1000 (molto comune) B1 adjective

Close

Top 1000 (molto comune) A1 verb

Estimate

Top 2000 (comune) B2 verb

Near

Top 1000 (molto comune) A1 preposition

Rough

Top 2000 (comune) B1 adjective

	Approximate	Close	Estimate	Near	Rough
Pronuncia	🇬🇧 /["/əˈprɒksɪmət/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/əˈprɑːksɪmət/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/kləʊz/","/ˈkləʊzɪz/","/kləʊzd/","/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/kləʊz/","/ˈkləʊzɪz/","/kləʊzd/","/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/"]/	🇬🇧 //ˈɛstɪmeɪt// 🇺🇸 //ˈɛstəˌmeɪt//	🇬🇧 /["/nɪə(r)/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/nɪr/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/rʌf/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/rʌf/"]/
Significato	Per dare un'idea di qualcosa che è vicino alla realtà, ma non è esatto. To guess or estimate something closely.	Chiudere qualcosa, come una porta o una finestra. To shut something, like a door or a window.	Fare una stima informata su un numero o una quantità. To make an educated guess about a number or amount.	vicino a qualcosa close to something	Non liscio; con molti dossi o aree irregolari. Not smooth; having a lot of bumps or uneven areas.
Esempio	an **approximate number/total/cost**	Please close the door before you leave.	Can you estimate the cost of the project?	The school is near my house.	The surface of the table is quite rough, making it difficult to write on.
Registro	Neutro	Neutro	Neutro	Neutro	Neutro
Quanto è comune	Top 1000 (molto comune)	Top 1000 (molto comune)	Top 2000 (comune)	Top 1000 (molto comune)	Top 2000 (comune)
Livello CEFR	B1	A1	B2	A1	B1
Categoria grammaticale	adjective	verb	verb	preposition	adjective
Collocazioni	approximate value, approximate number, approximate location	firmly, tightly, gently, firmly, tightly, gently, permanently, temporarily, officially, to, permanently, temporarily, officially, to	estimate the cost, estimate the time, estimate the value	near future, nearby location, near misses	rough surface, rough estimate, rough terrain, rough times, rough texture
Contrari	exact, precise	open, start	calculate, measure	far, distant, remote	smooth, soft, gentle
Errori comuni	Confusing with 'approximation' - 'approximate' is a verb., Using it as a noun - 'approximate' should be used as a verb or adjective., Not pairing with an appropriate object - remember to specify what you are approximating.	Confusing 'close' with 'shut' – know when to use which., Using 'close' when referring to people (e.g., 'close the friend') instead of 'end' or 'finish'.	Confused with 'assess' which means to evaluate rather than guess., Using with the wrong preposition like 'to estimate in' instead of 'to estimate at'.	Confused with 'close' as both can mean similar things., Using 'nears' as a verb form instead of 'is near'., Omitting the object when saying 'near' without context.	Confused with 'ruff', which is a dog sound., Using 'rough' instead of 'tough' when talking about difficulty., 'Roughness' is sometimes incorrectly used for subjects, instead of describing physical texture.
Note d'uso	Usa 'approssimativo' quando vuoi suggerire una stima invece di un numero esatto. È adatto a contesti accademici e quotidiani. Evita di usarlo in conversazioni molto informali. Use 'approximate' when you want to suggest an estimate rather than an exact number. It's suitable for academic and everyday contexts. Avoid using it in very casual conversations.	Usa 'chiudere' quando parli di oggetti fisici come porte o libri. Può anche significare finire qualcosa, come una riunione. Evita di usarlo con le persone nella maggior parte dei contesti, tranne che in conversazioni molto informali. Use 'close' when talking about shutting physical objects like doors or books. It can also mean to finish something, such as a meeting. Avoid using it with people in most contexts, except in very informal conversations.	Usa 'stimare' in contesti formali e informali quando parli di previsioni o calcoli. Evita nelle conversazioni casuali a meno che non si parli di numeri. Use 'estimate' in formal and informal contexts when discussing predictions or calculations. Avoid in casual conversations unless talking about numbers.	Usato quando ci si riferisce a vicinanza fisica o figurata. Generalmente accettabile sia in contesti parlati che scritti. Evitare di usarlo in contesti troppo formali. Used when referring to physical or figurative closeness. Generally acceptable in both spoken and written contexts. Avoid using in overly formal settings.	Usa 'ruvido' per descrivere superfici, consistenze o condizioni non lisce o delicate. Può anche riferirsi a qualcuno di duro o scortese nel comportamento. È generalmente neutro ma può suonare informale in alcuni contesti. Evita di usare 'ruvido' in scritti molto formali. Use 'rough' to describe surfaces, textures, or conditions that are not smooth or gentle. It can also refer to someone being harsh or unfriendly in behavior. It is generally neutral but may sound informal in some contexts. Avoid using 'rough' in very formal writing.

Guardalo in clip reali

Dr. Brand and Edmunds. They close?

This isn't like the army! You have to get close and get their brains on your suit.

The Lord Of The Rings › The return of the king

Very close now.

Dr. Brand and Edmunds. They close?

This isn't like the army! You have to get close and get their brains on your suit.

Close

The Lord Of The Rings › The return of the king

It must be getting near teatime.

Near

Domande frequenti: Approximate vs Close vs Estimate vs Near vs Rough

Qual è la differenza tra Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near e Rough?

Approximate: To guess or estimate something closely. Close: To shut something, like a door or a window. Estimate: To make an educated guess about a number or amount. Near: close to something Rough: Not smooth; having a lot of bumps or uneven areas.

Quale è più avanzata: Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near e Rough?

Estimate è il livello più alto, a B2, sulla scala CEFR.

Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near e Rough sono allo stesso livello CEFR?

Approximate: B1, Close: A1, Estimate: B2, Near: A1, Rough: B1 sulla scala CEFR.

Che categoria grammaticale sono Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near e Rough?

Approximate: adjective, Close: verb, Estimate: verb, Near: preposition, Rough: adjective.

Puoi mostrare un esempio di ciascuna?

Approximate: an **approximate number/total/cost** Close: Please close the door before you leave. Estimate: Can you estimate the cost of the project? Near: The school is near my house. Rough: The surface of the table is quite rough, making it difficult to write on.

Posso usare Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near e Rough in modo intercambiabile?

Non sempre. Approximate, Close, Estimate, Near e Rough sono affini e a volte si sovrappongono, ma differiscono per registro, frequenza e uso, quindi scambiarle può cambiare il significato o il tono. Controlla le differenze qui sopra prima di sostituire.