Danger vs Hazard vs Peril vs Risk vs Threat

When to use each in English, with meaning, register, and examples.

Danger

Top 1,000 (very common) A2 noun

Hazard

Top 3,000 (common) C1 noun

Peril

Formal Beyond 10,000 (less common) C2 noun

Risk

Top 1,000 (very common) B1 noun

Threat

Top 1,000 (very common) B2 noun

Most formal: Peril

	Danger	Hazard	Peril	Risk	Threat
Pronunciation	🇬🇧 /["/ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈdeɪndʒər/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈhæzəd/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈhæzərd/"]/	🇬🇧 //ˈpɛrɪl// 🇺🇸 //ˈpɛrəl//	🇬🇧 /["/rɪsk/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/rɪsk/"]/	🇬🇧 //θrɛt// 🇺🇸 //θrɛt//
Meaning	A situation where something bad can happen.	Something that can cause harm or danger.	Serious danger or risk.	the chance of something bad happening	A person or thing that can cause harm or danger.
Example	The storm brought a danger to the village.	The slippery floors are a serious hazard in the factory.	The explorers faced great peril as they navigated through the treacherous mountains.	There is a risk involved in investing in the stock market.	The storm posed a serious threat to the coastal town.
Register	Neutral	Neutral	Formal	Neutral	Neutral
How common	Top 1,000 (very common)	Top 3,000 (common)	Beyond 10,000 (less common)	Top 1,000 (very common)	Top 1,000 (very common)
CEFR level	A2	C1	C2	B1	B2
Part of speech	noun	noun	noun	noun	noun
Collocations	big, considerable, enormous, be exposed to, face, be fraught with, await, exist, face somebody, area, point, spot, in danger, in danger of, out of danger, be off the danger list, be on the danger list, big, considerable, enormous, be exposed to, face, be fraught with, await, exist, face somebody, area, point, spot, in danger, in danger of, out of danger, be off the danger list, be on the danger list, big, considerable, enormous, be exposed to, face, be fraught with, await, exist, face somebody, area, point, spot, in danger, in danger of, out of danger, be off the danger list, be on the danger list	big, great, major, cause, create, pose, hazard for, hazard to, exposure to a hazard	live in peril, face peril, put in peril, perilous situation, sense of peril	big, considerable, enormous, degree, level, element, face, run, take, outweigh something, group, factor, assessment, at risk, at risk from, at risk of, at your own risk, an increase in risk, a reduction in risk, big, considerable, enormous, degree, level, element, face, run, take, outweigh something, group, factor, assessment, at risk, at risk from, at risk of, at your own risk, an increase in risk, a reduction in risk, big, considerable, enormous, degree, level, element, face, run, take, outweigh something, group, factor, assessment, at risk, at risk from, at risk of, at your own risk, an increase in risk, a reduction in risk	credible threat, imminent threat, serious threat, direct threat
Antonyms	safety, security, protection	safety, security	safety, security, protection	safety, certainty	safety, security
Common mistakes	Confused with 'dangerous' as the same word., Using in positive contexts (danger is negative)., Overusing in casual dialogues, leading to ambiguity.	'Hazard' confused with 'hazards' in plural form., 'Hazard' used incorrectly as a verb instead of a noun., Mixing up 'hazard' with 'risk' when describing dangers.	Confusing 'peril' with 'perilous' – 'peril' is a noun, 'perilous' is an adjective., Using 'peril' in informal settings where simpler words could be clearer., Mispronouncing it – learners often omit the 'r' sound.	Confusing risk with danger - risk is about possibility, while danger implies a higher chance of harm., Using 'risks' as a singular noun - remember to use the correct plural or singular form., Omitting the object when saying 'risk' - always specify what is being risked.	Confused with 'threaten', which is a verb., Overuse 'threat' when referring to minor inconveniences.
Usage notes	Used in both written and spoken contexts. Appropriate for discussions about safety, risk, or warnings. Avoid in overly casual conversations.	Use 'hazard' when discussing risks or dangers, especially in safety contexts. It's appropriate for formal writing and discussions but may feel too technical in casual conversation.	Used often in literature or formal contexts. Avoid in casual conversations where simpler terms like 'danger' are preferred.	Commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. When discussing financial matters, 'risk' is frequent; however, it may not be appropriate in casual conversation about personal matters unless framed carefully.	Used in both formal and informal contexts; often refers to danger from people or situations.

Frequently asked questions: Danger vs Hazard vs Peril vs Risk vs Threat

What's the difference between Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat?

Danger: A situation where something bad can happen. Hazard: Something that can cause harm or danger. Peril: Serious danger or risk. Risk: the chance of something bad happening Threat: A person or thing that can cause harm or danger.

Which is more formal: Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat?

Peril is the most formal of these.

Which is more advanced: Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat?

Peril is the highest level, at C2, on the CEFR scale.

Are Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat the same CEFR level?

Danger: A2, Hazard: C1, Peril: C2, Risk: B1, Threat: B2 on the CEFR scale.

What part of speech are Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat?

Danger: noun, Hazard: noun, Peril: noun, Risk: noun, Threat: noun.

Can you show an example of each?

Danger: The storm brought a danger to the village. Hazard: The slippery floors are a serious hazard in the factory. Peril: The explorers faced great peril as they navigated through the treacherous mountains. Risk: There is a risk involved in investing in the stock market. Threat: The storm posed a serious threat to the coastal town.

Can I use Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat interchangeably?

Not always. Danger, Hazard, Peril, Risk, and Threat are related and overlap in some contexts, but they differ in register, how common they are, and usage, so swapping one for another can change the meaning or tone. Check the differences above before substituting.