Espionage 对比 Surveillance

在英语中何时使用每一个，包含含义、语域和例句。

Espionage

正式 前 5000（相当常见）

Surveillance

正式 10000 以上（较少见） C1 noun

最常见: Espionage

	Espionage	Surveillance
发音	🇬🇧 //ˈɛspiənɑːʒ// 🇺🇸 //ˈɛspiəˌnɑʒ//	🇬🇧 /["/sɜːˈveɪləns/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/sɜːrˈveɪləns/"]/
含义	秘密进行间谍活动，尤其是获取秘密信息。 The secret act of spying, especially to get secret information.	密切关注某人或某事，通常是为了获取更多信息。 Watching someone or something carefully, often to find out more information.
例句	The country was accused of conducting espionage against its neighbors.	The police are keeping the suspects **under** constant **surveillance**.
语域	正式	正式
常见程度	前 5000（相当常见）	10000 以上（较少见）
CEFR 等级	-	C1
词性		noun
搭配	conduct espionage, engage in espionage, accuse of espionage, practice espionage, spy for espionage	close, constant, regular, be under, keep somebody/​something under, place somebody/​something under, camera, device, equipment
反义	-	ignorance, negligence, carelessness
常见错误	Confused with 'spying' - espionage implies organized, often state-sponsored activities., Wrongly assume it's only about military - it can also involve corporate secrets.	Confused with 'surveil' (verb) and 'surveillance' (noun), Mispronunciation, often as 'sur-veal-lance' instead of 'sur-veil-lance', Overusing in informal settings where more casual terms could fit
用法说明	主要用于正式场合，尤其是在讨论政府或军事活动时。在日常对话中避免使用。 Used primarily in formal contexts, especially in discussions about government or military activities. Avoid in casual conversation.	主要用于执法、安全和隐私讨论等正式场合。不适用于随意交谈。可能暗示着监控或侵入感。 Used mainly in formal contexts such as law enforcement, security, and privacy discussions. Not appropriate in casual conversation. Can imply a sense of monitoring or intrusiveness.

在真实片段中看它

Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. › S1 E1

Espionage, she gave you the highest marks since Romanoff.

Agent Carter › S1 E1

You're new to espionage, aren't you?

Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. › S1 E1

Espionage, she gave you the highest marks since Romanoff.

Agent Carter › S1 E1

You're new to espionage, aren't you?

Espionage

Sherlock › S1 E1

Either way, we'd better upgrade their surveillance status.

Agent Carter › S1 E1

If you don't mind, these surveillance reports

Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. › S1 E1

Surveillance camera. Deep-fried.

Sherlock › S1 E1

Either way, we'd better upgrade their surveillance status.

Agent Carter › S1 E1

If you don't mind, these surveillance reports

Surveillance

常见问题：Espionage 对比 Surveillance

Espionage和Surveillance 有什么区别？

Espionage: The secret act of spying, especially to get secret information. Surveillance: Watching someone or something carefully, often to find out more information.

哪个更常见：Espionage和Surveillance？

Espionage 在日常英语中最常见。

能各给一个例子吗？

Espionage: The country was accused of conducting espionage against its neighbors. Surveillance: The police are keeping the suspects **under** constant **surveillance**.

我可以互换使用 Espionage和Surveillance 吗？

不总是。Espionage和Surveillance 相关，有时可以互换，但在语域、常见程度和用法上不同，所以换用可能改变意思或语气。替换前先看看上面的区别。