Maintain vs Preserve vs Support vs Sustain

Quando usar cada um em inglês, com significado, registro e exemplos.

Maintain

Top 2000 (comum) B2 verb

Preserve

Top 2000 (comum) B2 verb

Support

Top 1000 (muito comum) A2 verb

Sustain

Top 2000 (comum) C1 verb

Mais comum: Support

	Maintain	Preserve	Support	Sustain
Pronúncia	🇬🇧 //meɪnˈteɪn// 🇺🇸 //meɪnˈteɪn//	🇬🇧 //prɪˈzɜːv// 🇺🇸 //prɪˈzɝːv//	🇬🇧 /["/səˈpɔːt/","/səˈpɔːts/","/səˈpɔːtɪd/","/səˈpɔːtɪŋ/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/səˈpɔːrt/","/səˈpɔːrts/","/səˈpɔːrtɪd/","/səˈpɔːrtɪŋ/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/səˈsteɪn/","/səˈsteɪnz/","/səˈsteɪnd/","/səˈsteɪnɪŋ/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/səˈsteɪn/","/səˈsteɪnz/","/səˈsteɪnd/","/səˈsteɪnɪŋ/"]/
Significado	To keep something in good condition or continue to have it.	Manter algo seguro contra danos ou mudanças. To keep something safe from harm or change.	Dar ajuda ou assistência. To give help or assistance.	Manter algo funcionando ou em andamento. To keep something going or maintain it.
Exemplo	To maintain a healthy lifestyle, you should exercise regularly.	We need to preserve our natural resources for future generations.	I want to support my friends in their endeavors.	We must find ways to sustain our natural resources for the future.
Registro	Neutro	Neutro	Neutro	Neutro
Quão comum	Top 2000 (comum)	Top 2000 (comum)	Top 1000 (muito comum)	Top 2000 (comum)
Nível CEFR	B2	B2	A2	C1
Classe gramatical	verb	verb	verb	verb
Colocações	maintain order, maintain balance, maintain standards, maintain equipment	preserve food, preserve nature, preserve culture, preserve the environment	overwhelmingly, fervently, fully, agree to, pledge to, promise to, in, be well supported, be widely supported, support and encourage somebody/​something, overwhelmingly, fervently, fully, agree to, pledge to, promise to, in, be well supported, be widely supported, support and encourage somebody/​something, financially, generously, partially, help (to), through, financially, generously, partially, help (to), through, strongly, weakly, adequately, appear to, seem to, tend to, be supported by data, be supported by evidence, be well supported	no longer, barely, indefinitely, be able to, can, be unable to
Antônimos	neglect, abandon, discontinue	destroy, neglect, waste	oppose, hinder, neglect	neglect, abandon, cease
Erros comuns	Confused with 'mainten' which is not a word., Using 'maintain' with uncountable nouns incorrectly., Omitting the object when using it in a sentence.	Confused with 'conserve' which has a more restricted meaning., Using 'preserve' with uncountable nouns incorrectly., Misplacing 'preserve' in sentences, especially in passive forms.	Confused with 'supplement', which means to add to something., Using 'support' as a noun without clarification (e.g. 'She gave support' is vague)., Mixing up 'support' and 'oppose'.	'Sustain' is often confused with 'sustained' as a past form., Learners sometimes forget to add an object after 'sustain'., 'Sustain' is misused when referring to temporary situations, instead of ongoing support.
Notas de uso	Used in contexts involving care, upkeep, or support. Appropriate in both spoken and written English but varies from technical discussions to daily conversation.	Usado para indicar o ato de manter algo em seu estado original. Frequentemente usado em contextos ambientais e culinários. Evite ambientes informais. Used to indicate the act of maintaining something in its original state. Often used in environmental and culinary contexts. Avoid informal settings.	Essa palavra pode ser usada em vários contextos, como apoio emocional, ajuda financeira ou apoio a uma causa. É apropriada tanto em contextos casuais quanto formais. This word can be used in many contexts like emotional support, financial help, or supporting a cause. It's appropriate in both casual and formal contexts.	Use 'sustentar' em contextos sobre manter algo vivo ou apoiá-lo ao longo do tempo. Pode ser formal ao discutir tópicos como questões ambientais ou menos formal em conversas sobre interesses pessoais. Use 'sustain' in contexts about keeping something alive or supporting it over time. It can be formal when discussing topics like environmental issues or less formal in conversations about personal interests.

Veja em clipes reais

Whether or not you can maintain loyalty.

Maintain

"And I might share with you some words which have sustained me

Sherlock › S1 E1

Impossible to sustain a smoking habit in London these days.

There's not a planet in our solar system that could sustain life...

"And I might share with you some words which have sustained me

Sherlock › S1 E1

Impossible to sustain a smoking habit in London these days.

Sustain

Perguntas frequentes: Maintain vs Preserve vs Support vs Sustain

Qual é a diferença entre Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain?

Maintain: To keep something in good condition or continue to have it. Preserve: To keep something safe from harm or change. Support: To give help or assistance. Sustain: To keep something going or maintain it.

Qual é mais comum: Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain?

Support é a mais comum no inglês do dia a dia.

Qual é mais avançada: Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain?

Sustain é o nível mais alto, em C1, na escala CEFR.

Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain estão no mesmo nível CEFR?

Maintain: B2, Preserve: B2, Support: A2, Sustain: C1 na escala CEFR.

Que classe gramatical são Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain?

Maintain: verb, Preserve: verb, Support: verb, Sustain: verb.

Pode mostrar um exemplo de cada?

Maintain: To maintain a healthy lifestyle, you should exercise regularly. Preserve: We need to preserve our natural resources for future generations. Support: I want to support my friends in their endeavors. Sustain: We must find ways to sustain our natural resources for the future.

Posso usar Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain de forma intercambiável?

Nem sempre. Maintain, Preserve, Support e Sustain são relacionadas e às vezes se sobrepõem, mas diferem em registro, frequência e uso, então trocar uma pela outra pode mudar o sentido ou o tom. Veja as diferenças acima antes de substituir.