Ability 对比 Capability 对比 Competence

在英语中何时使用每一个，包含含义、语域和例句。

Ability

前 1000（非常常见） A2 noun

Capability

前 2000（常见） C1 noun

Competence

前 2000（常见） C1 noun

最常见: Ability

	Ability	Capability	Competence
发音	🇬🇧 /["/əˈbɪləti/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/əˈbɪləti/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈkɒmpɪtəns/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈkɑːmpɪtəns/"]/
含义	The skill to do something.	The ability to do something.	the ability to do something well
例句	She has the ability to learn new languages quickly.	Her capability as a leader impressed everyone at the meeting.	Her competence in multiple languages impresses her colleagues.
语域	中性	中性	中性
常见程度	前 1000（非常常见）	前 2000（常见）	前 2000（常见）
CEFR 等级	A2	C1	C1
词性	noun	noun	noun
搭配	exceptional, extraordinary, great, level, have, possess, retain, ability in, to the best of your ability, high, limited, low, assess, measure, test, level, range, a range of ability, a range of abilities	advanced, enhanced, limited, demonstrate, have, possess, beyond somebody’s capability, within somebody’s capability, capability for, advanced, enhanced, limited, demonstrate, have, possess, beyond somebody’s capability, within somebody’s capability, capability for	great, basic, academic, have, demonstrate, display, beyond somebody’s competence, within somebody’s competence, competence as, a level of competence, a standard of competence, formal, exclusive, have, outside somebody/​something’s competence, within somebody/​something’s competence, an area of competence
反义	inability, ineptness	incapability, inability	incompetence, ineptitude
常见错误	Confused with 'capability' — 'ability' refers to a skill, while 'capability' refers to the potential to develop a skill., Using 'ability' without a verb or context can make sentences unclear., Incorrectly pluralizing as 'abilities' when referring to a single skill.	Confusing with 'capacity' which refers to volume or quantity., Using it as a verb instead of a noun., Misplacing the emphasis in pronunciation.	Confused with 'competency'; both refer to abilities but 'competence' is broader., Misused as a verb; 'competence' is always a noun., Spelling errors, especially with the second 'e'.
用法说明	Use 'ability' in contexts where referring to someone's skills or talents. Avoid it in very casual conversations where simpler words like 'skill' may be more appropriate.	Use 'capability' in professional or academic contexts to discuss skills or potential. It's not commonly used in casual conversations.	Use 'competence' in contexts such as job skills or educational achievements. Avoid in very casual conversations; prefer 'skill' or 'ability' instead.

常见问题：Ability 对比 Capability 对比 Competence

Ability、Capability和Competence 有什么区别？

Ability: The skill to do something. Capability: The ability to do something. Competence: the ability to do something well

哪个更常见：Ability、Capability和Competence？

Ability 在日常英语中最常见。

Ability、Capability和Competence 的 CEFR 等级相同吗？

在 CEFR 量表上：Ability: A2, Capability: C1, Competence: C1。

Ability、Capability和Competence 是什么词性？

Ability: noun, Capability: noun, Competence: noun.

能各给一个例子吗？

Ability: She has the ability to learn new languages quickly. Capability: Her capability as a leader impressed everyone at the meeting. Competence: Her competence in multiple languages impresses her colleagues.

我可以互换使用 Ability、Capability和Competence 吗？

不总是。Ability、Capability和Competence 相关，有时可以互换，但在语域、常见程度和用法上不同，所以换用可能改变意思或语气。替换前先看看上面的区别。