Penalize против Sanction

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Penalize

Формальное Топ 5000 (довольно частое) C1 verb

Sanction

Формальное Топ 3000 (частое) C1 noun

Самое частое: Sanction

	Penalize	Sanction
Произношение	🇬🇧 //ˈpiːnəlaɪz// 🇺🇸 //ˈpiːnəlaɪz//	🇬🇧 /["/ˈsæŋkʃn/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈsæŋkʃn/"]/
Значение	To punish someone for their actions.	To allow or approve something, or to punish someone for something.
Пример	The school decided to penalize students for skipping classes.	The government imposed economic sanctions on the country to discourage its aggressive actions.
Регистр	Формальное	Формальное
Насколько частое	Топ 5000 (довольно частое)	Топ 3000 (частое)
Уровень CEFR	C1	C1
Часть речи	verb	noun
Сочетания	penalize behavior, penalize rule violations, penalize unfair practices	economic, financial, military, apply, enforce, impose, sanction against, sanction for, the imposition of sanctions, the lifting of sanctions, a threat of sanctions, government, official, divine, give something, with somebody/​something’s sanction, without somebody/​something’s sanction, economic, financial, military, apply, enforce, impose, sanction against, sanction for, the imposition of sanctions, the lifting of sanctions, a threat of sanctions
Антонимы	reward, pardon, forgive	approve, permit
Частые ошибки	Confused with 'penalty' - penalize is a verb, while penalty is a noun., Using in past tense without correct context - 'penalized' may imply a completed action., Mistakenly use 'penalize for' without direct object - needs a clear reason.	Confused with the opposite meaning (approval vs punishment)., Omitting the object when using the word., Using it in informal contexts where approval is meant.
Заметки по употреблению	Used in legal, educational, or formal contexts. Avoid using in casual situations. Often relates to rules or laws.	In formal contexts, 'sanction' can imply both approval and punishment, which can be confusing. In legal or diplomatic language, it's often used to refer to punitive measures against countries or organizations. Avoid using in casual conversations.

Частые вопросы: Penalize против Sanction

В чём разница между Penalize и Sanction?

Penalize: To punish someone for their actions. Sanction: To allow or approve something, or to punish someone for something.

Что чаще встречается: Penalize и Sanction?

Среди них Sanction самое частое в повседневном английском.

У Penalize и Sanction одинаковый уровень CEFR?

Penalize: C1, Sanction: C1 по шкале CEFR.

Какая часть речи у Penalize и Sanction?

Penalize: verb, Sanction: noun.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Penalize: The school decided to penalize students for skipping classes. Sanction: The government imposed economic sanctions on the country to discourage its aggressive actions.

Можно ли использовать Penalize и Sanction взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Penalize и Sanction близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.