Cool MateMaintain против Preserve против Retain против She kept her honor против Uphold
Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.
Maintain
Топ 2000 (частое)B2verb
Preserve
Топ 2000 (частое)B2verb
Retain
Топ 2000 (частое)B2verb
She kept her honor
Свыше 10 000 (реже)
Uphold
Топ 2000 (частое)C1verb
| Maintain | Preserve | Retain | She kept her honor | Uphold | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Произношение | 🇬🇧 //meɪnˈteɪn//🇺🇸 //meɪnˈteɪn// | 🇬🇧 //prɪˈzɜːv//🇺🇸 //prɪˈzɝːv// | 🇬🇧 //rɪˈteɪn//🇺🇸 //rɪˈteɪn// | 🇬🇧 //ʃiː kɛpt hɜːr ˈɒnə//🇺🇸 //ʃi kɛpt hɜr ˈɑnər// | 🇬🇧 /["/ʌpˈhəʊld/","/ʌpˈhəʊldz/","/ʌpˈheld/","/ʌpˈhəʊldɪŋ/"]/🇺🇸 /["/ʌpˈhəʊld/","/ʌpˈhəʊldz/","/ʌpˈheld/","/ʌpˈhəʊldɪŋ/"]/ |
| Значение | To keep something in good condition or continue to have it. | Держать что-то в безопасности от вреда или изменений.To keep something safe from harm or change. | Держать или сохранять что-то.To keep or hold something. | She maintained her respect and integrity. | Поддерживать или сохранять что-либо.To support or maintain something. |
| Пример | To maintain a healthy lifestyle, you should exercise regularly. | We need to preserve our natural resources for future generations. | It's important to retain information during exams. | She kept her honor in the face of adversity. | We have a duty to uphold the law. |
| Регистр | Нейтральное | Нейтральное | Нейтральное | Нейтральное | Нейтральное |
| Насколько частое | Топ 2000 (частое) | Топ 2000 (частое) | Топ 2000 (частое) | Свыше 10 000 (реже) | Топ 2000 (частое) |
| Уровень CEFR | B2 | B2 | B2 | - | C1 |
| Часть речи | verb | verb | verb | verb | |
| Сочетания | maintain order, maintain balance, maintain standards, maintain equipment | preserve food, preserve nature, preserve culture, preserve the environment | retain customers, retain information, retain control, retain talent | keep one's word, keep a promise, keep up appearances | consistently, firmly, rigorously, have a duty to, be determined to, seek to, consistently, firmly, rigorously, have a duty to, be determined to, seek to |
| Антонимы | neglect, abandon, discontinue | destroy, neglect, waste | lose, discard, abandon | - | disregard, abandon, violate |
| Частые ошибки | Confused with 'mainten' which is not a word., Using 'maintain' with uncountable nouns incorrectly., Omitting the object when using it in a sentence. | Confused with 'conserve' which has a more restricted meaning., Using 'preserve' with uncountable nouns incorrectly., Misplacing 'preserve' in sentences, especially in passive forms. | Confused with 'retain' vs 'obtain'., Using 'retain' without an object., Misusing 'retain' in informal contexts. | Confused with 'keep safe' – 'keep' here means to maintain values., Correct form is 'kept her honor,' not 'keep her honor' in past contexts. | Confused with 'support' which can be more casual., Using it incorrectly in passive voice, e.g. 'The law is upheld by.', Mixing up the past tense; 'upholded' is incorrect. |
| Заметки по употреблению | Used in contexts involving care, upkeep, or support. Appropriate in both spoken and written English but varies from technical discussions to daily conversation. | Используется для обозначения действия по поддержанию чего-либо в первоначальном состоянии. Часто используется в экологическом и кулинарном контексте. Избегайте неформальных ситуаций.Used to indicate the act of maintaining something in its original state. Often used in environmental and culinary contexts. Avoid informal settings. | Слово 'retain' используется, когда речь идет о сохранении информации, предметов или качеств. Оно более формальное, чем 'keep'. Избегайте его в обычной разговорной речи.Use 'retain' when discussing keeping information, objects, or qualities. It's more formal than 'keep'. Avoid in casual speech. | Use 'keep' in this context to express holding onto a moral value. Appropriate in serious discussions about ethics. Avoid in casual conversations. | Часто используется в юридическом и этическом контексте, например, «соблюдать закон» или «отстаивать ценности». Подходит как для формальных, так и для нейтральных ситуаций, но реже встречается в непринужденных разговорах.Often used in legal and ethical contexts, such as 'upholding the law' or 'upholding values'. It's appropriate in both formal and neutral settings but less common in casual conversations. |
Посмотри в реальных клипах
Частые вопросы: Maintain против Preserve против Retain против She kept her honor против Uphold
В чём разница между Maintain, Preserve, Retain, She kept her honor и Uphold?
Maintain: To keep something in good condition or continue to have it. Preserve: To keep something safe from harm or change. Retain: To keep or hold something. She kept her honor: She maintained her respect and integrity. Uphold: To support or maintain something.
Что сложнее: Maintain, Preserve, Retain, She kept her honor и Uphold?
Uphold имеет самый высокий уровень, C1, по шкале CEFR.
Можно показать пример каждого?
Maintain: To maintain a healthy lifestyle, you should exercise regularly. Preserve: We need to preserve our natural resources for future generations. Retain: It's important to retain information during exams. She kept her honor: She kept her honor in the face of adversity. Uphold: We have a duty to uphold the law.
Можно ли использовать Maintain, Preserve, Retain, She kept her honor и Uphold взаимозаменяемо?
Не всегда. Maintain, Preserve, Retain, She kept her honor и Uphold близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.