Burden против Load против Obligation против Responsibility

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Burden

Топ 2000 (частое) C1 noun

Load

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B2 noun

Obligation

Топ 2000 (частое) B2 noun

Responsibility

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B1 noun

	Burden	Load	Obligation	Responsibility
Произношение	🇬🇧 //ˈbɜːdən// 🇺🇸 //ˈbɜrdən//	🇬🇧 /["/ləʊd/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ləʊd/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˌɑːblɪˈɡeɪʃn/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/rɪˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/"]/
Значение	A heavy load or responsibility.	To put something heavy onto something, like a truck.	Something you must do; a duty or responsibility.	Being in charge of something you must take care of.
Пример	The burden of debt weighed heavily on his mind.	The truck can carry a heavy load of equipment for the construction site.	She felt a strong obligation to help her friends in need.	Taking care of your pet is a big responsibility.
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)
Уровень CEFR	C1	B2	B2	B1
Часть речи	noun	noun	noun	noun
Сочетания	bear a burden, lighten the burden, share the burden	heavy, light, full, bear, carry, shoulder, under its, etc. load, heavy, light, full, bear, carry, shoulder, under its, etc. load, heavy, light, full, bear, carry, shoulder, under its, etc. load	contractual, legal, statutory, carry out, discharge, fulfil/​fulfill, arise from something, under an obligation, without obligation, obligation of, contractual, legal, statutory, carry out, discharge, fulfil/​fulfill, arise from something, under an obligation, without obligation, obligation of	complete, full, total, have, accept, acknowledge, fall on somebody, fall to somebody, lie with somebody, responsibility for, responsibility towards/​toward, the age of criminal responsibility, the burden of responsibility, do something on your own responsibility, complete, full, total, have, accept, acknowledge, fall on somebody, fall to somebody, lie with somebody, responsibility for, responsibility towards/​toward, the age of criminal responsibility, the burden of responsibility, do something on your own responsibility, heavy, major, onerous, have, carry out, discharge, responsibility for, responsibility to, responsibility towards/​toward, duties and responsibilities, rights and responsibilities
Антонимы	relief, support	unload, empty	freedom, option, choice	irresponsibility, neglect, carelessness
Частые ошибки	Confusing with 'loaded', which refers to being full or heavy, not the emotional weight., Using 'burden' to describe light objects, which doesn't fit the meaning.	'Loaded' confused with 'load' when speaking., 'Load' used without an object (e.g., 'I will load' instead of 'I will load the truck')., 'Load' misused in non-physical contexts, like emotions.	Confused with 'obligated' — remember 'obligation' is the noun., Using 'obligation' with incorrect prepositions — typically used with 'to' (e.g., obligation to pay)., Overusing in casual speech — more common in formal contexts.	Saying 'responsibility to' instead of 'responsibility for'., Confusing 'responsibility' with 'responsible'., Using it in singular form incorrectly in plural contexts.
Заметки по употреблению	Use 'burden' to describe a physical load or emotional strain. It's more formal than 'load' and can imply a negative weight.	Use 'load' when referring to putting items on vehicles or carrying heavy things. Avoid in very formal writing; instead, use 'cargo' or 'shipment'.	Use 'obligation' in both formal and informal contexts when discussing responsibilities or duties. It's appropriate in legal, academic, or personal situations but less common in casual conversations.	Use in situations where someone has duties or obligations. It fits well in both personal and professional contexts. Avoid using it in very casual conversations.

Частые вопросы: Burden против Load против Obligation против Responsibility

В чём разница между Burden, Load, Obligation и Responsibility?

Burden: A heavy load or responsibility. Load: To put something heavy onto something, like a truck. Obligation: Something you must do; a duty or responsibility. Responsibility: Being in charge of something you must take care of.

Что сложнее: Burden, Load, Obligation и Responsibility?

Burden имеет самый высокий уровень, C1, по шкале CEFR.

У Burden, Load, Obligation и Responsibility одинаковый уровень CEFR?

Burden: C1, Load: B2, Obligation: B2, Responsibility: B1 по шкале CEFR.

Какая часть речи у Burden, Load, Obligation и Responsibility?

Burden: noun, Load: noun, Obligation: noun, Responsibility: noun.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Burden: The burden of debt weighed heavily on his mind. Load: The truck can carry a heavy load of equipment for the construction site. Obligation: She felt a strong obligation to help her friends in need. Responsibility: Taking care of your pet is a big responsibility.

Можно ли использовать Burden, Load, Obligation и Responsibility взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Burden, Load, Obligation и Responsibility близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.