Frequency против Incidence против Prevalence против Rate

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Frequency

Топ 2000 (частое) B2 noun

Incidence

Топ 3000 (частое) C1 noun

Prevalence

Формальное Свыше 10 000 (реже) C1 noun

Rate

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A2 noun

Самое формальное: Prevalence Самое частое: Rate

	Frequency	Incidence	Prevalence	Rate
Произношение	🇬🇧 /["/ˈfriːkwənsi/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈfriːkwənsi/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈɪnsɪdəns/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈɪnsɪdəns/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈprevələns/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈprevələns/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/reɪt/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/reɪt/"]/
Значение	How often something happens.	The occurrence of something, especially something bad.	How common something is.	How much something is valued or measured.
Пример	The frequency of the class meetings has increased this semester.	an area with a **high incidence** of crime	an increase in the prevalence of obesity in many countries	The teacher gave each student a rate based on their performance in class.
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Формальное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 3000 (частое)	Свыше 10 000 (реже)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)
Уровень CEFR	B2	C1	C1	A2
Часть речи	noun	noun	noun	noun
Сочетания	great, increased, increasing, decrease in, increase in, decrease, with frequency, great, increased, increasing, decrease in, increase in, decrease, with frequency, high, low, microwave, range, spectrum, band, high, low, microwave, range, spectrum, band	great, high, peak, have, show, increase, increase, decrease, fall, rate, incidence among, incidence in, a decrease in the incidence of something, an increase in the incidence of something, a variation in the incidence of something	high prevalence, low prevalence, prevalence rate, increased prevalence, prevalence of disease	constant, expected, regular, accelerate, improve, increase, be up, go up, shoot up, at a/​the rate, rate of, rate per, constant, expected, regular, accelerate, improve, increase, be up, go up, shoot up, at a/​the rate, rate of, rate per, cheap, competitive, low, determine, fix, peg, climb, go up, increase, at a/​the rate, rate for, rate of, a drop in rates, a rise in rates, a rate of return, cheap, competitive, low, determine, fix, peg, climb, go up, increase, at a/​the rate, rate for, rate of, a drop in rates, a rise in rates, a rate of return
Антонимы	infrequency, rarity	nonoccurrence, absence	rarity, uncommonness	disrate, devalue
Частые ошибки	Confusing 'frequency' with 'frequence'., Using 'frequencies' incorrectly in singular contexts., Misplacing the term in sentences regarding time intervals.	Confused with 'incident', which refers to a specific event., Used inappropriately in informal contexts., Incorrect pluralization, saying 'incidences' instead of 'incidents' when referring to events.	Confused with 'prevalent' which is an adjective., Omitting the context when discussing the prevalence (e.g., 'the prevalence of diseases')., Using it in informal speech where simpler terms like 'common' might be better.	Confused with 'rate' vs 'rate of' - 'rate of' implies a measurement over time., Using 'rated' when 'rate' is required - 'I rate this movie' not 'I rated this movie for now.', Mixing up with 'ratio' - 'rate' refers to the value assessment.
Заметки по употреблению	Use 'frequency' when discussing how often events occur. Suitable for academic or technical contexts; avoid in very casual conversations.	Commonly used in scientific, medical, and statistical contexts. Avoid casual conversations, as it may sound overly technical. Appropriate when discussing rates or frequencies of events.	Use 'prevalence' in formal contexts like academic writing or reports. Avoid in casual conversation. It implies a statistical or measured occurrence.	Used in both formal and informal contexts. Appropriate for discussing evaluations, scores, and comparisons. Avoid using it in contexts that require more emotional nuance.

Частые вопросы: Frequency против Incidence против Prevalence против Rate

В чём разница между Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate?

Frequency: How often something happens. Incidence: The occurrence of something, especially something bad. Prevalence: How common something is. Rate: How much something is valued or measured.

Что формальнее: Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate?

Среди них Prevalence самое формальное.

Что чаще встречается: Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate?

Среди них Rate самое частое в повседневном английском.

У Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate одинаковый уровень CEFR?

Frequency: B2, Incidence: C1, Prevalence: C1, Rate: A2 по шкале CEFR.

Какая часть речи у Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate?

Frequency: noun, Incidence: noun, Prevalence: noun, Rate: noun.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Frequency: The frequency of the class meetings has increased this semester. Incidence: an area with a **high incidence** of crime Prevalence: an increase in the prevalence of obesity in many countries Rate: The teacher gave each student a rate based on their performance in class.

Можно ли использовать Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Frequency, Incidence, Prevalence и Rate близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.