Earnings против Income против Revenue против Salary против Wages

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Earnings

Топ 2000 (частое) C1 noun

Income

Топ 2000 (частое) B2 noun

Revenue

Топ 2000 (частое) B2 noun

Salary

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A2 noun

Wages

Топ 1000 (очень частое)

	Earnings	Income	Revenue	Salary	Wages
Произношение	🇬🇧 /["/ˈɜːnɪŋz/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈɜːrnɪŋz/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈɪnkʌm//ˈɪnkəm/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈɪnkʌm//ˈɪnkəm/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈrevənjuː/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈrevənuː/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈsæləri/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈsæləri/"]/	🇬🇧 //ˈweɪdʒɪz// 🇺🇸 //ˈweɪdʒɪz//
Значение	Money you make from work or investments.	The money a person earns or receives regularly.	The money a business makes from selling goods or services.	The money a person earns from their job.	Money earned for work.
Пример	The company's earnings increased significantly this quarter due to higher sales.	Her annual income has increased significantly this year.	The company's revenue increased significantly last quarter due to higher sales.	Her salary is enough to cover all her living expenses.	The minimum wages in the country are set by the government.
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)
Уровень CEFR	C1	B2	B2	A2	-
Часть речи	noun	noun	noun	noun
Сочетания	high, record, strong, level, have, generate, calculate, estimate, forecast, projection, earnings  from, earnings  of, ten times, twenty times, etc. earnings, growth in earnings, loss of earnings, high, record, strong, level, have, generate, calculate, estimate, forecast, projection, earnings  from, earnings  of, ten times, twenty times, etc. earnings, growth in earnings, loss of earnings	high, large, six-figure, have, receive, earn, arise (from something), come from something, derive from something, bracket, group, level, on an income, income from, the distribution of income, the redistribution of income, a drop in income	annual, yearly, expected, depend on, need, rely on, be derived from something, come from something, go up, stream, share, revenue from, loss of revenue, a source of revenue	big, generous, good, pay (somebody), command, earn, increase, rise, package, hike, increase, on a salary, an increase in salary, a raise in salary, a rise in salary	minimum wages, increase wages, weekly wages, hourly wages, living wages
Антонимы	loss, debt, expenditure	expense, outlay	loss, deficit, expense	debt, loss	-
Частые ошибки	Confusing 'earnings' with 'income' - they are similar but 'earnings' usually refers to profits., Using 'earning' in plural form - 'earnings' is always plural., Misusing in non-financial contexts - typically related to money.	Confused with 'outcome' - 'outcome' refers to results, while 'income' is about money earned., Using as a verb - 'income' is a noun only., Mispronouncing it as 'in-come' instead of 'in-kum'.	Confused with 'profit', which is revenue minus costs., Using 'revenues' incorrectly as a singular noun., Mixing up with 'income', which can refer to personal earnings.	Confused with 'wage' - salary is typically a fixed amount annually, while wage is hourly., Omitting 'salary' when discussing pay - remember to specify it's a salary, not another form of compensation., Using 'salaries' in singular contexts - make sure to match the number correctly.	Confused with 'salary', which usually refers to fixed annual pay., Using 'wages' for one-time payments, which is incorrect.
Заметки по употреблению	Used in both formal and informal contexts, often in finance or when discussing income. Avoid in casual conversations unless discussing money specifically.	Used in both formal and informal contexts. Common in financial discussions, business, or personal budgeting. Avoid in casual conversations unless related to finances.	Commonly used in business contexts. Avoid using it in casual conversation about everyday expenses.	Used in business and employment contexts. It's appropriate in formal discussions about income but can be used informally when talking about pay. Avoid using in casual conversations without context.	Use 'wages' for regular payments to workers, often hourly. Avoid using in very formal contexts; use 'salary' instead.

Частые вопросы: Earnings против Income против Revenue против Salary против Wages

В чём разница между Earnings, Income, Revenue, Salary и Wages?

Earnings: Money you make from work or investments. Income: The money a person earns or receives regularly. Revenue: The money a business makes from selling goods or services. Salary: The money a person earns from their job. Wages: Money earned for work.

Что сложнее: Earnings, Income, Revenue, Salary и Wages?

Earnings имеет самый высокий уровень, C1, по шкале CEFR.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Earnings: The company's earnings increased significantly this quarter due to higher sales. Income: Her annual income has increased significantly this year. Revenue: The company's revenue increased significantly last quarter due to higher sales. Salary: Her salary is enough to cover all her living expenses. Wages: The minimum wages in the country are set by the government.

Можно ли использовать Earnings, Income, Revenue, Salary и Wages взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Earnings, Income, Revenue, Salary и Wages близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.