Cool MateBan против Exclude против Forbid против Prohibit
Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.
Ban
Exclude
Forbid
Prohibit
| Ban | Exclude | Forbid | Prohibit | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Произношение | 🇬🇧 //bæn//🇺🇸 //bæn// | 🇬🇧 /["/ɪkˈskluːd/","/ɪkˈskluːdz/","/ɪkˈskluːdɪd/","/ɪkˈskluːdɪŋ/"]/🇺🇸 /["/ɪkˈskluːd/","/ɪkˈskluːdz/","/ɪkˈskluːdɪd/","/ɪkˈskluːdɪŋ/"]/ | 🇬🇧 //fəˈbɪd//🇺🇸 //fərˈbɪd// | 🇬🇧 //prəˈhɪbɪt//🇺🇸 //prəˈhɪbɪt// |
| Значение | To say something is not allowed. | To leave something out or not include it. | To not allow something. | To not allow something. |
| Пример | The government decided to ban smoking in all public places. | You should exclude any irrelevant details from your report. | The school decided to forbid cell phones during classes. | The law will prohibit the use of mobile phones while driving. |
| Регистр | Нейтральное | Нейтральное | Формальное | Формальное |
| Насколько частое | Топ 2000 (частое) | Топ 2000 (частое) | Свыше 10 000 (реже) | Топ 5000 (довольно частое) |
| Уровень CEFR | B1 | B2 | B2 | B2 |
| Часть речи | verb | verb | verb | verb |
| Сочетания | ban on smoking, ban weapons, ban certain activities | altogether, completely, entirely, be designed to, attempt to, try to, from, feel excluded, socially excluded, altogether, completely, entirely, be designed to, attempt to, try to, from, feel excluded, socially excluded, altogether, completely, entirely, be designed to, attempt to, try to, from, feel excluded, socially excluded | forbid someone to do something, forbid access, forbid entry, forbid alcohol, forbid use | prohibit access, prohibit use, prohibit behavior |
| Антонимы | allow, permit, approve | include, admit | permit, allow, authorize | allow, permit, enable |
| Частые ошибки | Confusing 'ban' with 'prohibit' - they have similar meanings but different uses., Using 'ban' without a clear object - 'ban something' is necessary., Omitting the context when saying 'ban' - it should be clear what is banned. | 'Exclude' is often confused with 'include' as opposites., Learners sometimes use 'exclude' with incorrect prepositions., Some learners forget to use an object after 'exclude'. | Confusing with 'prohibit' - 'forbid' is more personal, while 'prohibit' is often legal., Using the wrong tense - ensure proper tense matching with 'forbade' in the past., Misplacing 'to' - do not say 'forbid to do something', just use 'forbid someone to do something'. | Confused with 'ban' - 'prohibit' is often used in formal settings., Using 'prohibit' with an infinitive instead of a gerund (e.g. 'prohibit smoking' not 'prohibit to smoke'). |
| Заметки по употреблению | Used in legal or formal contexts. Avoid in casual conversation unless discussing specific rules. 'Ban' implies a strong prohibition. | Use 'exclude' in contexts where you're saying that something is not part of a group. Appropriate in both written and spoken English but avoid in very casual settings. | Use 'forbid' in formal contexts where strict rules or laws apply. It's not common in casual conversations. | Use 'prohibit' in formal contexts such as laws or regulations. It is often more severe than 'forbid'. |
Частые вопросы: Ban против Exclude против Forbid против Prohibit
В чём разница между Ban, Exclude, Forbid и Prohibit?
Ban: To say something is not allowed. Exclude: To leave something out or not include it. Forbid: To not allow something. Prohibit: To not allow something.
У Ban, Exclude, Forbid и Prohibit одинаковый уровень CEFR?
Ban: B1, Exclude: B2, Forbid: B2, Prohibit: B2 по шкале CEFR.
Какая часть речи у Ban, Exclude, Forbid и Prohibit?
Ban: verb, Exclude: verb, Forbid: verb, Prohibit: verb.
Можно показать пример каждого?
Ban: The government decided to ban smoking in all public places. Exclude: You should exclude any irrelevant details from your report. Forbid: The school decided to forbid cell phones during classes. Prohibit: The law will prohibit the use of mobile phones while driving.
Можно ли использовать Ban, Exclude, Forbid и Prohibit взаимозаменяемо?
Не всегда. Ban, Exclude, Forbid и Prohibit близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.