C1adjective 2K

Arbitrary

UK /["/ˈɑːbɪtrəri//ˈɑːbɪtri/"]/ US /["/ˈɑːrbɪtreri/"]/ Pronunciation

Definition

not seeming to be based on a reason, system or plan and sometimes seeming unfair

Listen to definition

In simple words: Chosen randomly or without any reason.

Examples

• The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary.
• He makes unpredictable, arbitrary decisions.
• the arbitrary powers of officials

Usage notes

Used in academic or technical contexts, it may sound too formal in casual conversation. Avoid using when you mean something more specific, like 'random' or 'unintentional'.

Grammar pattern

arbitrary + noun

Memory hint

Think of 'arbitrary' like 'art + berry' — you can pick any berry randomly for your art.

Collocations

• be
• seem
• completely
• entirely
• purely

Synonyms

• random
• capricious
• whimsical
• unmotivated
• haphazard

Antonyms

• necessary
• justifiable
• systematic

Common mistakes

• Confused with 'arbitrate', which means to settle a dispute.
• Using it where 'random' is more appropriate.
• Mixing up 'arbitrary' with 'arbitrary choice' instead of 'arbitrary decision'.