Civilization против Community против Culture против Nation против Society

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Civilization

Топ 2000 (частое) B2 noun

Community

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A2 noun

Culture

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A1 noun

Nation

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B1 noun

Society

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A2 noun

	Civilization	Community	Culture	Nation	Society
Произношение	🇬🇧 /["/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃn/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/kəˈmjuːnəti/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/kəˈmjuːnəti/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈkʌltʃə(r)/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈkʌltʃər/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈneɪʃn/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈneɪʃn/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/səˈsaɪəti/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/səˈsaɪəti/"]/
Значение	Большая группа людей, живущих вместе со своей культурой и правительством. A large group of people living together with their own culture and government.	Группа людей, живущих в одном районе или имеющих общие интересы. A group of people living in the same area or having similar interests.	Образ жизни, обычаи и традиции группы людей. The way of life, customs, and traditions of a group of people.	Страна или большая территория со своим правительством. A country or large area with its own government.	Группа людей, живущих вместе и разделяющих законы, обычаи и ценности. A group of people living together and sharing laws, customs, and values.
Пример	The development of technology has greatly influenced the evolution of civilization.	The community came together to clean the park.	The culture of Japan is known for its traditional tea ceremonies.	The nation celebrated its independence day with a grand parade.	In our society, we value education and hard work.
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)
Уровень CEFR	B2	A2	A1	B1	A2
Часть речи	noun	noun	noun	noun	noun
Сочетания	ancient, early, old, bring, build, create, collapse, flourish, the beginnings of civilization, the dawn of civilization, civilization as we know it, ancient, early, old, bring, build, create, collapse, flourish, the beginnings of civilization, the dawn of civilization, civilization as we know it, ancient, early, old, bring, build, create, collapse, flourish, the beginnings of civilization, the dawn of civilization, civilization as we know it	large, small, close, service, work, policing, in a/​the community, within a/​the community, the community as a whole, the community at large, a/​the community of faith, large, small, close, service, work, policing, in a/​the community, within a/​the community, the community as a whole, the community at large, a/​the community of faith	ancient, primitive, dominant, assimilate, embrace, build, develop, group, shock, clash, in a/​the culture, a clash of cultures, a culture of fear, a culture of secrecy, ancient, primitive, dominant, assimilate, embrace, build, develop, group, shock, clash, in a/​the culture, a clash of cultures, a culture of fear, a culture of secrecy, contemporary, modern, postmodern, a man of culture, a woman of culture, ancient, primitive, dominant, assimilate, embrace, build, develop, group, shock, clash, in a/​the culture, a clash of cultures, a culture of fear, a culture of secrecy	large, little, small, build, create, divide, state, across a/​the nation, among nations, in a/​the nation, the birth of a/​the nation, the interests of a/​the nation, the life of a/​the nation, large, little, small, build, create, divide, state, across a/​the nation, among nations, in a/​the nation, the birth of a/​the nation, the interests of a/​the nation, the life of a/​the nation	larger, wider, entire, build, create, change, be based on something, become, in (a) society, within (a) society, a cross-section of society, the fabric of society, the higher echelons of society, larger, wider, entire, build, create, change, be based on something, become, in (a) society, within (a) society, a cross-section of society, the fabric of society, the higher echelons of society, debating, drama, dramatic, belong to, become a member of, join, in a/​the society, society for, society of, larger, wider, entire, build, create, change, be based on something, become, in (a) society, within (a) society, a cross-section of society, the fabric of society, the higher echelons of society
Антонимы	barbarism, savagery	isolation, loneliness	ignorance, vulgarity	multinational, stateless	isolation, individualism, seclusion
Частые ошибки	Confused with 'civilized' which refers to a state of being developed or refined., Using 'civilization' in a very personal context where it doesn’t fit, such as describing smaller groups., Not using the term in its plural form 'civilizations' when talking about multiple distinct societies.	Confusing 'community' with 'society' — 'society' is broader., Using 'communities' in contexts where 'community' is needed., Not knowing how to describe different types, like 'online community' or 'local community'.	Confused with 'civilization' which refers to more advanced societal structures., Using 'cultured' incorrectly as a noun., Not recognizing that 'culture' can refer to various specific groups (e.g., 'Native American culture').	Confused with 'nationality' which refers to the identity of people., Using 'nation' to refer to a small region or local area., Mixing up 'nation' with 'state' which can have different meanings in certain political contexts.	Confused with 'community'; society is broader than a community., Using it as a verb, but it's only a noun., Mistaking it for 'sociality'; they have different meanings.
Заметки по употреблению	Термин «цивилизация» часто используется при обсуждении истории, антропологии или социологии. Он может быть неуместен в непринужденной беседе, если только не обсуждаются такие темы, как история или обществознание. The term 'civilization' is often used in discussions about history, anthropology, or sociology. It may not be appropriate in casual conversation unless discussing topics like history or social studies.	Слово 'сообщество' используется для обозначения группы, имеющей что-то общее, например, местоположение или интересы. Оно уместно в большинстве контекстов, но может звучать слишком официально в непринужденных разговорах. Use 'community' to refer to a group that shares something in common, such as location or interest. It's appropriate in most contexts but can sound too formal in casual conversations.	Используйте 'культура' при обсуждении общества, искусства и образа жизни. Избегайте в слишком неформальных контекстах. Use 'culture' in discussions about society, art, and lifestyle. Avoid in overly casual contexts.	Слово 'нация' используется в формальных контекстах, таких как политика или история. В повседневных разговорах оно может быть неуместным, так как слово 'страна' проще. Use 'nation' in formal contexts like politics or history discussions. It may not be appropriate in casual conversations where 'country' is simpler.	Используйте 'общество', когда говорите о больших группах или сообществах. Это уместно как в академическом, так и в повседневном контексте, но избегайте неформальных ситуаций, где этот термин может показаться слишком серьезным. Use 'society' when discussing large groups or communities. It's appropriate for academic and casual contexts, but avoid informal settings where the term may come off as too serious.

Посмотри в реальных клипах

A civilization that's evolved past the four dimensions we know.

... of your civilization.

A civilization that's evolved past the four dimensions we know.

... of your civilization.

Civilization

and to the protection of his community.

The Wire › S1 E1

Community policing and all that.

and to the protection of his community.

The Wire › S1 E1

Community policing and all that.

Community

The Pitt › S1 E1

Grab a culture from the open fibula before you reduce.

Breaking Bad › S1 E3

Gomey, it's a culture in decline.

The Pitt › S1 E1

Grab a culture from the open fibula before you reduce.

Breaking Bad › S1 E3

Gomey, it's a culture in decline.

Culture

Частые вопросы: Civilization против Community против Culture против Nation против Society

В чём разница между Civilization, Community, Culture, Nation и Society?

Civilization: A large group of people living together with their own culture and government. Community: A group of people living in the same area or having similar interests. Culture: The way of life, customs, and traditions of a group of people. Nation: A country or large area with its own government. Society: A group of people living together and sharing laws, customs, and values.

Что сложнее: Civilization, Community, Culture, Nation и Society?

Civilization имеет самый высокий уровень, B2, по шкале CEFR.

У Civilization, Community, Culture, Nation и Society одинаковый уровень CEFR?

Civilization: B2, Community: A2, Culture: A1, Nation: B1, Society: A2 по шкале CEFR.

Какая часть речи у Civilization, Community, Culture, Nation и Society?

Civilization: noun, Community: noun, Culture: noun, Nation: noun, Society: noun.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Civilization: The development of technology has greatly influenced the evolution of civilization. Community: The community came together to clean the park. Culture: The culture of Japan is known for its traditional tea ceremonies. Nation: The nation celebrated its independence day with a grand parade. Society: In our society, we value education and hard work.

Можно ли использовать Civilization, Community, Culture, Nation и Society взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Civilization, Community, Culture, Nation и Society близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.