Authority против Command против Influence против Power

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Authority

Топ 2000 (частое) B1 noun

Command

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B2 noun

Influence

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B1 noun

Power

Топ 1000 (очень частое) A2 noun

	Authority	Command	Influence	Power
Произношение	🇬🇧 //əˈθɔːrɪti// 🇺🇸 //əˈθɔːrɪti//	🇬🇧 /["/kəˈmɑːnd/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/kəˈmænd/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈɪnfluəns/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈɪnfluəns/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈpaʊə(r)/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈpaʊər/"]/
Значение	The power or right to give orders and make decisions.	An order to do something.	To have an effect on someone or something.	The ability to do something or to control people or things.
Пример	The teacher has authority over the students.	Her ability to command attention in the classroom is impressive.	Her influence on the committee was undeniable, as she often swayed their decisions.	The power of the wind can generate electricity.
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)
Уровень CEFR	B1	B2	B1	A2
Часть речи	noun	noun	noun	noun
Сочетания	exercise authority, recognize authority, challenge authority	basic, simple, carry out, obey, disobey, at somebody’s command, your wish is my command, spoken, verbal, voice, enter, type, use, line, prompt, complete, full, total, have, assume, take, centre/​center, chair, deck, in command, in command of, under somebody’s command, the chain of command, the line of command, excellent, fluent, good, have, demonstrate, show, at your command, command of	big, considerable, enormous, have, gain, give somebody, extend, grow, wane, under the influence, influence from, influence in, a sphere of influence, bring your influence to bear on somebody/​something, under the influence, big, considerable, enormous, have, gain, give somebody, extend, grow, wane, under the influence, influence from, influence in, a sphere of influence, bring your influence to bear on somebody/​something, under the influence, big, considerable, great, be, have, be exposed to, be at work, affect something, shape something, influence on	absolute, ultimate, considerable, come to, rise to, assume, be concentrated in (the hands of somebody/​something), flow from somebody/​something, lie with somebody/​something, struggle, relations, structure, in power, in somebody’s power, power of, abuse of power, the balance of power, a bid for power, absolute, ultimate, considerable, come to, rise to, assume, be concentrated in (the hands of somebody/​something), flow from somebody/​something, lie with somebody/​something, struggle, relations, structure, in power, in somebody’s power, power of, abuse of power, the balance of power, a bid for power, full, reduced, electric, generate, produce, provide (somebody/​something with), drive something, run something, go off, cable, grid, line, power for, a source of power, full, reduced, electric, generate, produce, provide (somebody/​something with), drive something, run something, go off, cable, grid, line, power for, a source of power, awesome, great, real, awesome, great, real, air, combat, military, have, possess, use, beyond somebody/​something’s power, in somebody’s power, within somebody’s power, at the height of your powers, at the peak of your powers, at the zenith of your powers, air, combat, military, have, possess, use, beyond somebody/​something’s power, in somebody’s power, within somebody’s power, at the height of your powers, at the peak of your powers, at the zenith of your powers, air, combat, military, have, possess, use, beyond somebody/​something’s power, in somebody’s power, within somebody’s power, at the height of your powers, at the peak of your powers, at the zenith of your powers, absolute, ultimate, considerable, come to, rise to, assume, be concentrated in (the hands of somebody/​something), flow from somebody/​something, lie with somebody/​something, struggle, relations, structure, in power, in somebody’s power, power of, abuse of power, the balance of power, a bid for power, great, major, world, air, combat, military, have, possess, use, beyond somebody/​something’s power, in somebody’s power, within somebody’s power, at the height of your powers, at the peak of your powers, at the zenith of your powers, air, combat, military, have, possess, use, beyond somebody/​something’s power, in somebody’s power, within somebody’s power, at the height of your powers, at the peak of your powers, at the zenith of your powers, absolute, ultimate, considerable, come to, rise to, assume, be concentrated in (the hands of somebody/​something), flow from somebody/​something, lie with somebody/​something, struggle, relations, structure, in power, in somebody’s power, power of, abuse of power, the balance of power, a bid for power
Антонимы	powerlessness, subordination	submission, compliance, inaction	disregard, ignore, neglect	weakness, ineffectiveness
Частые ошибки	Confused with 'author' - authority refers to power, not authorship., Misused in singular form; should often use 'authorities' for multiple groups or people.	'Command' is confused with 'demand' but is less aggressive., Learners often use 'command' without an object, forgetting it typically requires one., Mispronouncing 'command' as 'comand'.	Used as a noun instead of a verb without context., Confused with 'affect' versus 'effect'., Omitting the object when using it in sentences.	'Power' as a verb — learners often mistakenly use 'power' when they mean to say 'empower'., Confusing 'power' with 'might', as they have different nuances., Misusing 'power' in phrases, e.g., 'the power of' requires a specified noun.
Заметки по употреблению	Used in both formal and informal contexts. Often refers to organizations or individuals in positions of power.	Use 'command' when giving direct instructions, especially in formal contexts like military or authority. Avoid in casual conversations where 'ask' or 'request' might be more appropriate.	Used in both formal and informal contexts to describe how one person or thing affects another. Be cautious not to confuse it with 'affect' which is more emotion-based.	Used in both formal and informal contexts. In discussions about politics or leadership, 'power' often has a weighty connotation, while in casual settings it might refer to electricity or strength. Avoid using it in overly casual contexts when discussing serious topics.

Частые вопросы: Authority против Command против Influence против Power

В чём разница между Authority, Command, Influence и Power?

Authority: The power or right to give orders and make decisions. Command: An order to do something. Influence: To have an effect on someone or something. Power: The ability to do something or to control people or things.

Что сложнее: Authority, Command, Influence и Power?

Command имеет самый высокий уровень, B2, по шкале CEFR.

У Authority, Command, Influence и Power одинаковый уровень CEFR?

Authority: B1, Command: B2, Influence: B1, Power: A2 по шкале CEFR.

Какая часть речи у Authority, Command, Influence и Power?

Authority: noun, Command: noun, Influence: noun, Power: noun.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Authority: The teacher has authority over the students. Command: Her ability to command attention in the classroom is impressive. Influence: Her influence on the committee was undeniable, as she often swayed their decisions. Power: The power of the wind can generate electricity.

Можно ли использовать Authority, Command, Influence и Power взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Authority, Command, Influence и Power близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.