Cool MateAbility против Capability против Competence против Skill
Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.
Ability
Топ 1000 (очень частое)A2noun
Capability
Топ 2000 (частое)C1noun
Competence
Топ 2000 (частое)C1noun
Skill
Топ 1000 (очень частое)A1noun
| Ability | Capability | Competence | Skill | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Произношение | 🇬🇧 /["/əˈbɪləti/"]/🇺🇸 /["/əˈbɪləti/"]/ | 🇬🇧 /["/ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/"]/🇺🇸 /["/ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/"]/ | 🇬🇧 /["/ˈkɒmpɪtəns/"]/🇺🇸 /["/ˈkɑːmpɪtəns/"]/ | 🇬🇧 /["/skɪl/"]/🇺🇸 /["/skɪl/"]/ |
| Значение | Умение что-то делать.The skill to do something. | Способность что-то делать.The ability to do something. | способность хорошо что-то делатьthe ability to do something well | Умение делать что-то хорошо, обычно благодаря обучению или практике.The ability to do something well, usually because of training or practice. |
| Пример | She has the ability to learn new languages quickly. | Her capability as a leader impressed everyone at the meeting. | Her competence in multiple languages impresses her colleagues. | He has a skill for painting that impresses everyone. |
| Регистр | Нейтральное | Нейтральное | Нейтральное | Нейтральное |
| Насколько частое | Топ 1000 (очень частое) | Топ 2000 (частое) | Топ 2000 (частое) | Топ 1000 (очень частое) |
| Уровень CEFR | A2 | C1 | C1 | A1 |
| Часть речи | noun | noun | noun | noun |
| Сочетания | exceptional, extraordinary, great, level, have, possess, retain, ability in, to the best of your ability, high, limited, low, assess, measure, test, level, range, a range of ability, a range of abilities | advanced, enhanced, limited, demonstrate, have, possess, beyond somebody’s capability, within somebody’s capability, capability for, advanced, enhanced, limited, demonstrate, have, possess, beyond somebody’s capability, within somebody’s capability, capability for | great, basic, academic, have, demonstrate, display, beyond somebody’s competence, within somebody’s competence, competence as, a level of competence, a standard of competence, formal, exclusive, have, outside somebody/something’s competence, within somebody/something’s competence, an area of competence | considerable, consummate, extraordinary, range, set, have, possess, combine, level, set, acquisition, with skill, skill as, skill at, a degree of skill, a level of skill, a lack of skill, considerable, consummate, extraordinary, range, set, have, possess, combine, level, set, acquisition, with skill, skill as, skill at, a degree of skill, a level of skill, a lack of skill |
| Антонимы | inability, ineptness | incapability, inability | incompetence, ineptitude | inability, ignorance |
| Частые ошибки | Confused with 'capability' — 'ability' refers to a skill, while 'capability' refers to the potential to develop a skill., Using 'ability' without a verb or context can make sentences unclear., Incorrectly pluralizing as 'abilities' when referring to a single skill. | Confusing with 'capacity' which refers to volume or quantity., Using it as a verb instead of a noun., Misplacing the emphasis in pronunciation. | Confused with 'competency'; both refer to abilities but 'competence' is broader., Misused as a verb; 'competence' is always a noun., Spelling errors, especially with the second 'e'. | Confused with 'ability' — skill usually implies training or practice., Used as a verb incorrectly — skill is a noun. |
| Заметки по употреблению | Слово 'ability' используется, когда речь идет о чьих-то навыках или талантах. В очень неформальных разговорах лучше использовать более простые слова, такие как 'skill' (навык).Use 'ability' in contexts where referring to someone's skills or talents. Avoid it in very casual conversations where simpler words like 'skill' may be more appropriate. | Слово 'capability' используется в профессиональном или академическом контексте для обсуждения навыков или потенциала. В обычной беседе оно используется редко.Use 'capability' in professional or academic contexts to discuss skills or potential. It's not commonly used in casual conversations. | Слово 'competence' используется в контексте профессиональных навыков или достижений в учебе. В очень неформальных разговорах лучше использовать 'skill' или 'ability'.Use 'competence' in contexts such as job skills or educational achievements. Avoid in very casual conversations; prefer 'skill' or 'ability' instead. | Слово 'skill' используется для описания способностей в различных областях, от спорта до искусства. Избегайте его использования в очень неформальной обстановке, где лучше подойдут более простые слова, такие как 'talent' (талант).Use 'skill' to talk about abilities in various contexts, from sports to arts. Avoid using it in very informal settings where simpler terms like 'talent' might fit better. |
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Частые вопросы: Ability против Capability против Competence против Skill
В чём разница между Ability, Capability, Competence и Skill?
Ability: The skill to do something. Capability: The ability to do something. Competence: the ability to do something well Skill: The ability to do something well, usually because of training or practice.
У Ability, Capability, Competence и Skill одинаковый уровень CEFR?
Ability: A2, Capability: C1, Competence: C1, Skill: A1 по шкале CEFR.
Какая часть речи у Ability, Capability, Competence и Skill?
Ability: noun, Capability: noun, Competence: noun, Skill: noun.
Можно показать пример каждого?
Ability: She has the ability to learn new languages quickly. Capability: Her capability as a leader impressed everyone at the meeting. Competence: Her competence in multiple languages impresses her colleagues. Skill: He has a skill for painting that impresses everyone.
Можно ли использовать Ability, Capability, Competence и Skill взаимозаменяемо?
Не всегда. Ability, Capability, Competence и Skill близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.