Aggression против Anger против Hostility против Violence

Когда что использовать в английском, со значением, регистром и примерами.

Aggression

Топ 2000 (частое) C1 noun

Anger

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B2 noun

Hostility

Топ 5000 (довольно частое) C1 noun

Violence

Топ 1000 (очень частое) B2 noun

	Aggression	Anger	Hostility	Violence
Произношение	🇬🇧 /["/əˈɡreʃn/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/əˈɡreʃn/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈæŋɡə(r)/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈæŋɡər/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/hɒˈstɪləti/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/hɑːˈstɪləti/"]/	🇬🇧 /["/ˈvaɪələns/"]/ 🇺🇸 /["/ˈvaɪələns/"]/
Значение	A feeling of being angry and wanting to fight or hurt someone.	A strong feeling of being upset or mad.	Angry or unfriendly behavior	The use of physical force to hurt someone or cause damage.
Пример	Video games have been blamed for causing aggression.	Her anger towards the situation was palpable.	The diplomatic talks broke down due to growing hostility between the two countries.	The increase in street violence has raised concerns among local residents.
Регистр	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное	Нейтральное
Насколько частое	Топ 2000 (частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)	Топ 5000 (довольно частое)	Топ 1000 (очень частое)
Уровень CEFR	C1	B2	C1	B2
Часть речи	noun	noun	noun	noun
Сочетания	naked, open, overt, act, display, exhibit, express, aggression against, aggression by, aggression towards/​toward, naked, open, overt, act, display, exhibit, express, aggression against, aggression by, aggression towards/​toward	bitter, deep, fierce, burst, fit, flash, be filled with, feel, seethe with, boil over, boil up, bubble up, management, in anger, with anger, anger against, a feeling of anger, in a moment of anger	bitter, considerable, deep, feel, sense, express, hostility between, hostility against, hostility to, bitter, considerable, deep, feel, sense, express, hostility between, hostility against, hostility to, major, active, cease, end, resume, begin, break out, commence, hostility against, hostility between, the cessation of hostilities, an outbreak of hostilities	considerable, excessive, extreme, level, commit, employ, engage in, break out, erupt, flare, violence against, violence among, violence between, an act of violence, an end to violence, an eruption of violence, suppressed, with (a) violence
Антонимы	calmness, peacefulness, gentleness	calm, peace, tranquility	friendliness, kindness, amiability	peace, harmony, calm
Частые ошибки	Confused with 'assertiveness', which is more about confidence than hostility., Using 'aggression' too lightly when describing competitive situations that aren't violent., Overusing in contexts where 'frustration' or 'anger' would be more appropriate.	Confuse with 'rage' – 'anger' is less intense., Using as a verb – correct usage is only as a noun., Forget to differentiate from 'annoyance' – 'anger' is stronger.	Confused with 'hospitality', which means being welcoming and friendly., Used incorrectly as a verb; 'hostility' is a noun., Mispronounced as 'hos-ti-lity' instead of 'hos-til-i-ty'.	Confusing with 'violent' which describes something that causes violence., Using it in a positive context (e.g., 'violence can be good')., Mixing up with 'aggression', which is more about behavior than physical action.
Заметки по употреблению	Use 'aggression' in discussions about behavior, psychology, or sports. It is generally neutral but can be seen negatively in some contexts, such as describing violent actions.	Use 'anger' to describe strong feelings of frustration or irritation. It's appropriate in most contexts, but might be too strong for casual conversations. Instead, use 'upset' in lighter situations.	Use 'hostility' to describe negative feelings or actions towards someone or something. Appropriate in both formal and informal contexts, but avoid it in casual conversations.	Use 'violence' in discussions about conflicts or crimes. It's often used in news or formal contexts. Avoid in casual conversations or when discussing peaceful topics.

Частые вопросы: Aggression против Anger против Hostility против Violence

В чём разница между Aggression, Anger, Hostility и Violence?

Aggression: A feeling of being angry and wanting to fight or hurt someone. Anger: A strong feeling of being upset or mad. Hostility: Angry or unfriendly behavior Violence: The use of physical force to hurt someone or cause damage.

У Aggression, Anger, Hostility и Violence одинаковый уровень CEFR?

Aggression: C1, Anger: B2, Hostility: C1, Violence: B2 по шкале CEFR.

Какая часть речи у Aggression, Anger, Hostility и Violence?

Aggression: noun, Anger: noun, Hostility: noun, Violence: noun.

Можно показать пример каждого?

Aggression: Video games have been blamed for causing aggression. Anger: Her anger towards the situation was palpable. Hostility: The diplomatic talks broke down due to growing hostility between the two countries. Violence: The increase in street violence has raised concerns among local residents.

Можно ли использовать Aggression, Anger, Hostility и Violence взаимозаменяемо?

Не всегда. Aggression, Anger, Hostility и Violence близки и иногда пересекаются, но различаются по регистру, частоте и употреблению, поэтому замена одного другим может изменить смысл или тон. Стоит свериться с различиями выше, прежде чем заменять.