B2noun1K

Bacteria

UK /["/bækˈtɪəriə/","/bækˈtɪəriəm/"]/US /["/bækˈtɪriə/","/bækˈtɪriəm/"]/

Definition

the simplest and smallest forms of life. Bacteria exist in large numbers in air, water and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease.

In simple words: Very small living things that can make you sick or help you.

Examples

  • Neither chilling nor freezing kills all bacteria.
  • antibiotic-resistant bacteria
  • Food that is **contaminated with bacteria** may not look or smell bad.
  • The spots can become **infected with bacteria**.
  • Raw meat and poultry may contain **harmful bacteria**.
  • These **beneficial bacteria** already naturally reside in the intestines.
  • There are many different strains of this bacterium.

Usage notes

Use 'bacteria' in scientific or health contexts. Avoid using in casual conversations unless discussing health or biology. The word is plural; 'bacterium' is the singular form.

Grammar pattern

standalone noun

Memory hint

Think of 'bacteria' as 'back-tear-ia' where tiny creatures can tear up your health.

Collocations

  • dangerous
  • harmful
  • beneficial
  • attack
  • destroy
  • fight
  • a strain of bacteria

Synonyms

  • germs
  • microorganisms
  • pathogens
  • microbes

Antonyms

  • virus
  • fungus

Common mistakes

  • Confusing 'bacteria' with 'viruses' – they are different types of microorganisms.
  • Using 'bacteria' as a singular noun – 'bacterium' is the correct singular form.
  • Mixing up 'bacteria' with 'germs' – not all bacteria are harmful.